Antibacterial Effect of Hypochlorous Acid on Bacteria Associated with the Formation of Periodontal Biofilms: An in vitro Pilot Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effect of electrolytically generated hypochlorous acid on Streptococcus gordonii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Material and Methods: In this in vitro experiment, the effect of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) on the strains S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis was evaluated using 4% sodium hypochlorite, 0.12% chlorhexidine, and distilled water as controls. The four groups were placed on each plate, and each group was replicated five times. The agar diffusion method by zones measurement was used. The data were processed with SPSS using the Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple comparison tests. Results: Hypochlorous acid showed an average inhibition halo of 9.28 mm on S. gordonii. As expected with distilled water, no zone of inhibition was noted for any of the bacteria, nor were zones of inhibition observed with HOCl for F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis. Conclusion: Hypochlorous acid showed antimicrobial properties against only S. gordonii and was less effective than 4% sodium hypochlorite and 0.12% chlorhexidine, although no significant differences were found between the latter.

Exodoncia de tercera y cuarta molar fusionadas. Reporte de caso / Fused third and fourth molar exodontia. Case report

RESUMEN Las anomalías dentarias son producidas por alteraciones en la odontogénesis que se refleja en la variación de tamaño, número y forma de los dientes. Dentro de estas alteraciones se encuentra la fusión dentaria que se considera como la unión de dos gérmenes dentarios que forman una estructura dentaria grande y única. La fusión de las molares es poco habitual tiene una prevalencia muy baja. En el presente caso el diagnóstico fue tercera molar fusionada a cuarta molar retenida en posición vertical. El tratamiento quirúrgico fue la exodoncia a colgajo; para el éxito de la misma se tuvo en cuenta: 1) visualización completa de la corona y 2) eliminación de trabas que impidan la luxación y la avulsión de las piezas fusionadas. Finalmente, la exodoncia se llevó a cabo de manera exitosa.

ABSTRACT Dental anomalies are produced by alterations in odontogenesis which is reflected in the variation in size, number and shape of the teeth. Among these alterations is dental fusion, which is considered as the union of two dental germs that form a large and unique dental structure. The fusion of the molars is rare and has a very low prevalence. In the present case, the diagnosis was that the third molar fused to the fourth retained molar in an upright position. The surgical treatment was flap extraction. For a successful extraction, the following was considered: 1) full visibility of the crown and 2) elimination of obstacles that prevent dislocation and avulsion of the fused pieces. At last, the extraction was carried out successfully.

Proportion of women on the editorial committees of dental journals in the world / Proporção de mulheres nos comitês editoriais de revistas odontológicas no mundo

Objective: Despite the increase in the female contribution to careers in the health sector, Dentistry has shown slow progress towards gender equality. The objective of this study was to quantify the proportion of women in the editorial committees of dental journals in the world. Material and Methods: Dental journals published in the world were compiled, which met inclusion criteria: dental journals indexed to Scopus in their 2020 edition, access to the composition of the editorial committee. Non-current journals, without access to their website, journals not classified in a quartile, and journals with publishers outside their country of origin, were excluded. The selection of journals was carried out from January 11 to 19, 2021. The analysis variables were the composition of the editorial committee, dental specialty according to the SJR category and the title of the journal, quartile of the journal, and country of origin of the editorial headquarters. Results: One hundred eighty nine journals were identified. Women represented 22.91% for the position of director or editor-in-chief. With respect to associate editors and members of the editorial board, 24.76% and 22.91% were women, respectively. Likewise, greater female participation was observed in Q2 and Q1 journals and in thematic areas of Geriatric Dentistry, Dental Education, Dental Public Health, and Basic Sciences. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the low proportion of women on the editorial boards of dental journals in the world (AU)

Objetivo: Apesar do aumento da contribuição feminina para as carreiras no setor da saúde, a odontologia tem apresentado avanços lentos em direção à equidade de gênero. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar a proporção de mulheres nos comitês editoriais de periódicos odontológicos no mundo. Material e Métodos: Foram compilados periódicos odontológicos publicados no mundo, que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão: periódicos odontológicos indexados ao Scopus em sua edição de 2020, acesso à composição do comitê editorial. Foram excluídos os periódicos não atuais, sem acesso ao site, os periódicos não classificados em quartil e os periódicos com editoras fora do país de origem. A seleção dos periódicos foi realizada no período de 11 a 19 de janeiro de 2021. As variáveis de análise foram a composição do comitê editorial, especialidade odontológica de acordo com a categoria SJR e o título do periódico, quartil do periódico e país de origem da sede do editorial. Resultados:Cento e oitenta e nove periódicos foram identificados. As mulheres representaram 22,91% para o cargo de diretora ou redatora-chefe. Em relação aos editores associados e membros do comitê editorial, 24,76% e 22,91% eram mulheres, respectivamente. Da mesma forma, foi observada maior participação feminina nos periódicos Q2 e Q1 e nas áreas temáticas de Odontologia Geriátrica, Educação Odontológica, Saúde Pública Odontológica e Ciências Básicas. Conclusão: Os achados demonstram a baixa proporção de mulheres nos conselhos editoriais de periódicos odontológicos no mundo. (AU)

Regeneración ósea guiada (ROG): Plasma rico en factores de crecimiento vs. Autoinjerto dental particulado, revisión bibliográfica / Guided bone regeneration (ROG): Plasma rich in growth factors vs. Particulate dental autograft, review

Resumen El objetivo primordial en la terapia de la regeneración ósea guiada viene a ser la restauración de los componentes del periodonto. La racionalidad de esta terapia es dar la preferencia a tipos celulares específicos para repoblar la zona de la herida a formar un nuevo aparato de inserción. De manera clínica esto se logra al colocar una barrera física sobre el defecto periodontal, dejando de lado los tejidos gingivales en las etapas tempranas de reparación. Este trabajo analiza la evidencia científica que existe de los resultados alcanzados mediante la ROG, los factores que influyen con el tipo de materiales utilizados, sus indicaciones, sus componentes, sus contraindicaciones, los mecanismos de evaluación, así como las propiedades de distintas barreras utilizadas desde un punto de vista del biomaterial.

Abstract The primary goal in the therapy of guided bone regeneration is to restore the components of the periodontium. The rationale of this therapy is to give preference to specific cell types to repopulate the wounded area to form a new insertion apparatus. Clinically this is achieved by placing a physical barrier on the periodontal defect, leaving the gingival tissues aside in the early stages of repair. This work analyzes the scientific evidence that exists about the results achieved by the ROG, the factors that influence the type of materials used, their indications, their components, their contraindications, the evaluation mechanisms, as well as the properties of different barriers used since a biomaterial point of view.

Análisis crítico de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados: Riesgo de sesgo / Critical analysis of randomized clinical trials: The risk of bias

Los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECAs) presentan el nivel de investigación experimental más alto según los niveles de evidencia. Los resultados encontrados en ellos brindarán las pautas para la elección del mejor tratamiento clínico en los pacientes, es por ello la necesidad de conocer cuáles son las pautas para analizar críticamente los ECAs en la búsqueda de la precisión científica. El æRiesgo de SesgoÆ es una herramienta desarrollada por la ôCochrane Collaborationõ para evaluar la metodología de la evidencia científica siendo útil en revisiones sistemáticas para el análisis individual de los ECAs incluidos. La presente revisión busca desarrollar los conceptos del æRiesgo de SesgoÆ definiendo cada uno de sus componentes para el correcto análisis de los artículos científicos...

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) represent the highest level of experimental research according to levels of evidence. The findings of RCTs provide guidelines for choosing the best clinical treatment. Reason why it is a need to critically assess their methodology in order to show the accuracy. æRisk of BiasÆ is a tool developed by the Cochrane Collaboration to determine the quality of evidence in systematic reviews to be reliable for the individual analysis of the included RCTs. The present review aims to present the concepts of risk bias defining each of its items for the proper assessment of scientific articles...